International DT407 Specifications
| Engine Model: International Harvester DT407 |
| Engine Type: 4-cycle inline 6-cylinder turbocharged liquid-cooled diesel |
| Total Displacement: 406.9 cu.in (6.67 L) |
| Rated Engine Power: 125-145 Hp (92-107 kW) at 2400 rpm |
| Fuel System Type: Direct fuel injection |
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The International Harvester DT407 is a
turbocharged, six-cylinder, four-stroke diesel engine engineered for
high-output agricultural and heavy industrial applications. As the
forced-induction variant of the D407, it delivers substantially
increased power and torque while maintaining the robust architectural
features of the base engine. The incorporation of a turbocharger
enhances power density and improves altitude compensation, making it
suitable for demanding field and construction work.
The engine retains a direct injection fuel system, wet cylinder liners,
and a gear-driven overhead camshaft. The DT407 is recognized for its
strong performance in high-Hp tractors and crawlers, where boosted power
output was necessary for heavy draft and loading tasks.
Engine Type: In-line, six-cylinder, four-stroke, liquid-cooled diesel.
Combustion System: Direct injection.
Aspiration: Turbocharged.
Firing Order: 1-5-3-6-2-4.
Rotation (viewed from flywheel): Counter-clockwise.
Displacement: 406.9 cubic inches (6.67 liters).
Bore: 4.321 inches (109.8 mm).
Stroke: 4.625 inches (117.5 mm).
Compression Ratio: 17.0 to 1.
Rated Power Output: Ranges from 125 to 145 gross Hp (92 to 107 kW) at
2400 rpm.
Maximum Torque: 450 to 500 lb-ft (610 to 678 Nm).
Governed Speed: 2400 rpm.
Weight (dry): 1550 lbs (703 kg).
The cylinder block is a massive gray iron casting of deep-skirt design,
engineered to withstand the elevated combustion pressures generated by
turbocharging. It utilizes replaceable wet-type cylinder liners. These
precision-machined alloy iron liners are inserted into the block and
sealed at the top by a heavy-duty composite fire ring and at the bottom
by multiple synthetic rubber O-rings.
This wet-sleeve construction facilitates cylinder reconditioning. The
crankshaft is supported by seven large-diameter main bearings. Main
bearing caps are manufactured from nodular iron and are secured with two
vertical studs and nuts per cap. The block is strengthened to manage
increased thermal and mechanical stresses, incorporating extensive
internal oil and coolant galleries.
The cylinder head is a single-piece cast iron component, designed for
durability under high combustion pressures. It features individual
intake and exhaust ports and vertically mounted fuel injectors. The
engine employs an overhead camshaft (OHC) design for precise valve
control.
Valve Arrangement: Overhead camshaft (OHC), with the camshaft directly
actuating followers or rocker arms.
Valves per Cylinder: Two (one intake, one exhaust).
Intake Valve Head Diameter: 1.90 inches (48.3 mm).
Exhaust Valve Head Diameter: 1.65 inches (41.9 mm).
Valve Seat Angle: 45 deg.
Valve Stem Diameter: 0.375 inches (9.53 mm).
Valve Lash (cold): Intake and Exhaust: 0.024 inches (0.61 mm).
Adjustment is performed with the engine cold, using shims or adjustable
rocker arms.
The fuel system is a high-pressure direct injection system utilizing an
in-line injection pump, calibrated for turbocharged operation.
Injection Pump: An International Harvester/Bosch in-line plunger pump
(A-type or P-type), mechanically governed.
This pump often incorporates an aneroid device or boost compensator to
adjust fuel delivery based on intake manifold pressure.
Injection Nozzles: Multi-hole pintle nozzles designed for high injection
pressure and optimal atomization under boosted conditions.
Injection Pressure: 2400 to 2600 psi (165 to 179 bar).
Fuel Lift Pump: A camshaft-driven, piston-type mechanical transfer pump.
Fuel Filter: A dual or triple-stage filtration system with a primary
sedimentor/water separator and secondary spin-on paper elements.
Static Injection Timing: Requires precise dynamic timing with a dial
indicator.
The setting is specific and critical for turbocharged performance,
generally in the range of 18 to 22 deg before top dead center.
The lubrication system is a high-capacity, full-pressure, full-flow
design with a gear-type pump and oil cooler, engineered for the
increased thermal load.
Oil Pump: Gear-type, mounted on the front of the cylinder block and
driven by the crankshaft gear.
Oil Capacity: 13 quarts (12.3 liters) including filter.
Oil Filter: Dual full-flow, spin-on type cartridges arranged in
parallel.
Oil Pressure (operating): 50 to 70 psi at rated speed (3.4 to 4.8 bar).
Minimum acceptable pressure at a hot idle is 15 psi (1.0 bar).
Pressure Relief Valve: Integral to the oil pump housing.
Oil Cooler: A large, tube-and-shell type engine oil cooler is standard,
cooled by engine coolant, and is essential for managing turbocharger and
piston cooling.
The cooling system is a high-capacity, pressurized system designed to
manage the significant heat rejection of a turbocharged diesel engine.
Water Pump: High-flow centrifugal type, belt-driven from the crankshaft
pulley.
Thermostat: Wax-pellet type, begins to open at 190 F (88 C).
Radiator Pressure Cap: 13 psi pressure cap (0.9 bar).
Coolant Capacity: 24 quarts (22.7 liters) for the engine and radiator
core.
Coolant Recommendation: A 50/50 mixture of ethylene glycol antifreeze
and demineralized water.
The use of a supplemental coolant additive (SCA) package is mandatory to
prevent cavitation erosion of the wet cylinder liners.
Electrical System: 12-volt negative ground; some industrial applications
may use 24-volt starting.
Starting Motor: 12-volt or 24-volt, high-torque gear reduction type,
solenoid actuated.
Charging Alternator: 12-volt, 90 to 120 ampere output, belt-driven with
an internal regulator.
Battery Recommendation: Group 31 batteries; two in series for 24-volt
systems or two in parallel for high-cranking-amp 12-volt systems.
Air Intake System: Dual-stage dry type air cleaner with replaceable
paper outer and inner safety elements, feeding the turbocharger
compressor inlet.
Turbocharger: A fixed-geometry, non-wastegated turbocharger, oil-cooled
and lubricated from the engine's main oil gallery. Intake Manifold: Cast
aluminum or iron, designed to distribute pressurized air from the
turbocharger to each cylinder.
Exhaust Manifold: Cast iron, designed to efficiently collect and direct
exhaust gas to the turbocharger turbine housing.
Length (front of damper to rear of flywheel housing): 48 inches (1219
mm).
Width (over valve cover and turbocharger): 32 inches (813 mm).
Height (top of valve cover to base of oil pan): 38 inches (965 mm).
Weight (dry, as described): 1550 lbs (703 kg).
Engine Oil Grade: Use a high-quality diesel engine oil meeting API
service classification CD or CE. SAE 15W-40 is the specified viscosity
for multi-temperature operation.
Oil Change Interval: Under normal heavy-duty service, change engine oil
and filters every 200 operating hours. For severe service involving
continuous high load, reduce the interval to 125 hours. Oil Filter
Change: Replace both spin-on filters with every oil change.
Fuel Filter Change: Drain water from the primary separator daily.
Replace all fuel filter elements every 400 operating hours. Coolant
Additive Check: Test coolant additive concentration every 250 hours and
replenish as necessary. Complete coolant change with a full system flush
is required every 2500 hours or 30 months. Air Filter Service: Monitor
the restriction indicator closely. Service intervals are frequent in
dusty conditions.
Replace the primary outer element when indicated and the inner safety
element every second outer element change. Valve Lash Adjustment: Check
and adjust valve clearance every 750 operating hours due to increased
thermal cycling. Injection Timing Check: Verify dynamic injection timing
every 1500 operating hours. Turbocharged engines are sensitive to
incorrect timing. Turbocharger Care: Allow a 3 to 5-minute cool-down
period at low idle before shutdown. Check for excessive shaft play and
oil leaks every 500 hours.
Cylinder Head Bolts: Torque in the specified multi-step sequence to a
final value of 170 to 180 lb-ft (230 to 244 Nm). Main Bearing Cap Bolts:
140 to 150 lb-ft (190 to 203 Nm).
Connecting Rod Cap Nuts: 70 to 75 lb-ft (95 to 102 Nm).
Flywheel to Crankshaft Bolts: 120 to 130 lb-ft (163 to 176 Nm).
Injector Nozzle Holder (in head): 75 to 80 lb-ft (102 to 108 Nm).
Rocker Arm Shaft or Cam Follower Bracket Bolts: 40 to 45 lb-ft (54 to 61
Nm).
Turbocharger Oil Feed Line Fitting: 18 to 22 lb-ft (24 to 30 Nm).
Oil Pan Drain Plug: 45 to 50 lb-ft (61 to 68 Nm).
The International Harvester DT407 engine was a high-performance
powerplant for large agricultural and industrial machinery. Its primary
tractor applications include the International Harvester 856, 1026,
1256, and 1456 models, where it defined the high-Hp end of those series.
In the industrial and construction sector, it powered the International
TD15B crawler/dozer.
The engine also found use in other heavy-duty applications such as large
irrigation pumps and generator sets. The DT407 was integral to machines
requiring superior lugging power and altitude performance compared to
their naturally aspirated counterparts. Engine model confirmation must
be verified via the engine serial number plate.
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