Cat C2.4 Specifications
| Engine Model: Caterpillar C2.4 |
| Engine Type: 4-stroke inline 4-cylinder turbocharged liquid-cooled diesel |
| Total Displacement: 146.5 cu.in (2.4 L) |
| Rated Engine Power: 41.7-48.3 Hp (31.1-36.0 kW) at 2300 rpm |
| Fuel System Type: Direct injection |
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The Cat C2.4 engine is a compact, water-cooled,
4-cycle diesel power unit developed by Caterpillar for integration into
a wide array of compact construction, agricultural, and industrial
equipment. Designed to balance high performance with operational
efficiency, this engine utilizes direct injection and turbocharging to
deliver substantial torque and power from a 2.4-liter displacement. The
C2.4 platform is recognized for its robust construction, reliability in
demanding environments, and adherence to modern emissions standards,
making it a popular choice for machines such as mini excavators and
compact loaders.
The Caterpillar C2.4 is a 4-cycle, in-line 4-cylinder diesel engine. Its
total displacement measures 2.4 liters (146.5 cu.in). The engine
features a bore and stroke of 87.0 mm (3.43 in) by 102.4 mm (4.03 in).
Aspiration is provided by a turbocharger, with certain configurations
incorporating an intercooler to further enhance power output and
efficiency. The combustion system utilizes direct injection. The engine
is water-cooled.
Power output varies depending on the specific application and emissions
configuration. Gross power ratings at 2,400 rpm reach up to 36.5 kW
(48.9 hp), with net power ratings ranging from 31.1 kW (41.7 hp) to 36.0
kW (48.3 hp). In specialized equipment, net power can be listed at 40 hp
(29.8 kW). Maximum torque is generated at 1,600 rpm, with values of
approximately 158.6 Nm (117.0 lb-ft). The engine is equipped with a
12-volt electrical system, featuring a 90-ampere alternator and a 900
CCA maintenance-free battery.
The cylinder block is constructed from cast iron, providing a rigid
foundation that ensures long-term durability and effective dampening of
vibrations. It houses the four cylinders arranged in an in-line
configuration. The block incorporates the main bearing bores for the
crankshaft and provides mounting points for the oil pan, which serves as
the lubricant reservoir.
The cylinder head is manufactured from cast iron and is designed to
accommodate the direct injection fuel system, valves, and glow plugs.
The engine utilizes a straightforward valvetrain design. Glow plugs are
employed to aid in cold starting. The glow plugs are installed in the
cylinder head and must be tightened to a specific torque of 20 to 24 Nm
(177 to 214 lb-in) to ensure proper sealing and function.
The fuel system on the C2.4 engine has evolved to meet different
emissions standards. Earlier configurations utilized a mechanical direct
injection system, often featuring an in-line injection pump. Modern
versions, designed to meet stringent emissions regulations such as EPA
Tier 4 and EU Stage V, employ an electronically controlled high-pressure
common rail fuel injection system. This common rail system enables
precise fuel metering, optimizing combustion efficiency, reducing
emissions, and improving fuel economy.
The lubrication system is a robust, pressurized system designed to
ensure long service life, even under high-load conditions. The system
uses an engine oil pressure sensor to monitor operating pressure. This
sensor is installed in the cylinder block and is torqued to 15 to 19 Nm
(134 to 169 lb·in). The total engine oil capacity, including the filter,
is 9.5 liters (2.5 gal US).
The water-cooled system maintains stable engine operating temperatures
across various loads and ambient conditions. A coolant temperature
sensor monitors the engine temperature and is installed in the water
temperature regulator housing. Cooling system capacity varies by
application, ranging from 9.8 to 10.0 liters (2.59 to 2.64 gal US). The
system is designed to be filled with extended-life coolant for enhanced
corrosion protection and reduced maintenance intervals.
| Intake and Exhaust Systems |
Air Intake System: The engine is equipped with a radial seal,
double-element air filter to provide superior contaminant removal in
dusty environments.
Exhaust System: Depending on the emissions standard, the engine may be
fitted with a Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) as part of the
aftertreatment system to meet EPA Tier 4 Final and EU Stage V
requirements.
The standard 12-volt electrical system includes a heavy-duty starter
motor and a high-capacity battery. A water jacket heater is available as
an option for improved cold-weather starting.
The dry weight of the Cat C2.4 engine is 184 kg (406 lb). The physical
dimensions, without aftertreatment systems, are 646 mm (25.4 in) in
length, 495 mm (19.5 in) in width, and 684 mm (26.9 in) in height. These
compact dimensions allow for installation in space-constrained engine
compartments. The gross package weight for shipping purposes is
considerably higher at 600 kg (1,323 lb), accounting for packaging and
associated components.
Engine Oil: 9.5 L (2.5 gal US)
Cooling System: 9.8 to 10.0 L (2.59 to 2.64 gal US)
Fuel Tank: Varies by application, ranging from 78 L (20.6 gal US) to 165
L (43.6 gal US)
Maintenance Intervals: Regular maintenance is essential for optimal
performance. Key components requiring periodic inspection and
replacement include the air filter, engine oil and filter, fuel filter,
and coolant.
Cylinder Head Bolts: Tighten to 37 lb-ft (50 Nm). Tighten to 74 lb-ft
(100 Nm).
Connecting Rod Bolts: 38 lb-ft (52 Nm).
Main Bearing Bolts: 74 lb-ft (100 Nm).
Flywheel Bolts: 85 lb-ft (115 Nm).
Crankshaft Pulley (Damper): 85 lb-ft (115 Nm).
Valve Cover Bolts: 7 lb-ft (10 Nm).
Rocker Arm Nuts: 20 lb-ft (27 Nm).
Fuel Injectors (to Head): 47 lb-ft (64 Nm).
Glow Plugs: 20 to 24 Nm (177 to 214 lb-in)
Engine Oil Pressure Sensor: 15 to 19 Nm (134 to 169 lb-in)
Hose Assembly Bolt: 10 to 11 Nm (89 to 98 lb-in)
The Cat C2.4 engine is widely used as the primary power source in a
range of compact equipment.
Excavators:
Cat 304E, 304E CR
Cat 305.5E2
Cat 305E2 CR
Cat 306E
Cat 307, 307.5
Cat 307C, 307D
Industrial and Other Equipment: The engine is also utilized in compact
wheel loaders, backhoe loaders, agricultural tractors, generator sets,
and various industrial equipment such as pump sets and compressors.
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