International D361 Specifications
| Engine Model: International Harvester D361 |
| Engine Type: 4-cycle inline 6-cylinder naturally aspirated liquid-cooled diesel |
| Total Displacement: 361 cu.in (5.9 L) |
| Rated Engine Power: 85-105 Hp (63-78 kW) at 2300 rpm |
| Fuel System Type: Direct fuel injection |
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The International D361 is a mid-displacement,
heavy-duty inline six-cylinder diesel engine produced by International
Harvester during the 1960s and 1970s. Positioned between the smaller
D282 and the larger D407, the D361 served as a reliable workhorse across
agricultural tractors, industrial machines, and stationary power units.
It was widely used in IH 806, 1206 (early versions), and several
industrial applications where strong torque, dependable operation, and
long service intervals were essential.
The D361 is part of IH’s large-bore diesel family and features cast-iron
architecture, wet replaceable cylinder sleeves, a mechanical fuel
system, and a gear-driven valvetrain. Known for durability and
rebuildability, the D361 remains popular among restorers and operators
who value long service life and straightforward maintenance. Its
torque-rich performance makes it well-suited to heavy fieldwork,
including tillage, PTO applications, and loader operations.
The International D361 is a four-stroke, water-cooled, naturally
aspirated inline six-cylinder diesel engine. Total displacement is 5.9
liters (361 cubic inches). Bore measures 104.8 mm (4.125 in), while the
stroke is 114 mm (4.50 in). The long-stroke configuration enhances
low-speed torque and fuel efficiency.
Compression ratio varies by production year - commonly 16.0:1 to 17.0:1.
Rated Hp falls between 85 and 105 hp (63-78 kW) at approximately 2,300
rpm. Peak torque is generally between 400 and 500 Nm (295-369 lb-ft),
usually available between 1,400 and 1,600 rpm.
Idle speed is 650-750 rpm. Governed speed ranges from 2,300 to 2,500
rpm. Firing order is 1-5-3-6-2-4. The crankshaft is forged steel, fully
counterweighted, and supported by seven main bearings. Pistons are cast
aluminum alloy with reinforced crowns and machined direct-injection
combustion chambers. Connecting rods are forged steel with replaceable
big-end bearings.
The block is cast iron and features wet replaceable cylinder sleeves.
Coolant passages surround the sleeves for consistent cooling and reduced
thermal distortion. Thick main-bearing saddles and deep ribbing improve
block rigidity under heavy load.
The head is cast iron and includes direct-injection combustion chambers.
Each cylinder uses two valves - one intake, one exhaust - operated via
rocker arms and pushrods from a gear-driven camshaft.
Cold valve-lash settings:
- Intake: 0.30-0.35 mm (0.012-0.014 in)
- Exhaust: 0.35-0.40 mm (0.014-0.016 in)
The D361 uses a fully mechanical fuel
system with:
- Mechanical lift pump
- Sediment bowl / water separator
- Paper-element fuel filter
- Bosch-type inline injection pump
- Multi-hole mechanical injectors
Injection pressures: 250-350 bar. Timing is adjustable at the pump
mount. Fuel filters are replaced every 250-300 hours; injectors serviced
every 1,000-1,500 hours.
A wet-sump, full-pressure system. A gear-driven oil pump supplies oil
through a full-flow filter to bearings, camshaft, and rocker assemblies.
Oil capacity: 11-13 L (11.6-13.7 qt)
Operating pressure: 300-450 kPa (44-65 psi)
Idle pressure: 100-150 kPa (15-22 psi)
Oil changes every 200-250 hours.
Cooling uses a centrifugal water pump with thermostat control.
Thermostat:
- Opens: 82°C (180°F)
- Full open: 95°C (203°F)
Cooling capacity: 18-22 L (19-23 qt)
System pressure: 70-90 kPa (10-13 psi)
| Intake and Exhaust Systems |
Air cleaners vary:
- Oil-bath air cleaners (common on tractors)
- Dry-element filters in later models
Exhaust manifolds are cast iron and durable under continuous thermal
cycling.0
12-volt systems with alternators rated 30-45 amps. Starters 2.5-3.5 kW.
Cold-start aids include intake heaters or ether-assist kits.
Supports:
- Hydraulic pumps
- PTO drives
- Power steering pumps
- Generator sets
- Industrial belt drives
Length: 1,000-1,100 mm (39-43 in)
Width: 600-700 mm (23-28 in)
Height: 900-1,050 mm (35-41 in)
Dry weight: 450-520 kg (992-1,146 lb)
- Oil/filter every 200-250 hours
- Fuel filters every 250-300 hours
- Air filter service every 50 hours
- Coolant every 2 years
- Valve adjustment every 500-600 hours
- Injector service every 1,000-1,500 hours
- Compression every 2,000 hours
- Cylinder head bolts: 140-160 Nm (103-118 lb-ft)
- Main bearing caps: 200-230 Nm (148-170 lb-ft)
- Connecting-rod bolts: 90-110 Nm (66-81 lb-ft)
- Flywheel bolts: 180-210 Nm (133-155 lb-ft)
- Crank pulley bolt: 280-320 Nm (207-236 lb-ft)
- Oil drain plug: 40-55 Nm (30-41 lb-ft)
- Injector hold-downs: 25-30 Nm (18-22 lb-ft)
Used widely in:
- International 806 tractors
- Early IH 1206 diesel models
- IH industrial loaders and utility tractors
- Stationary farm power units
- Pumps and generators
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