Yanmar TS60 Specifications
| Engine Model: Yanmar TS60 |
| Engine Type: 4-stroke 1-cylinder horizontal water-cooled diesel |
| Total Displacement: 20.2 cu.in (0.33 L) |
| Rated Engine Power: 6 Hp (4.5 kW) at 2400 rpm |
| Fuel System Type: Indirect injection |
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The Yanmar TS60 is a compact, horizontal,
single-cylinder water-cooled diesel engine from the TS series. This
engine utilizes an indirect injection system with a swirl-type
pre-combustion chamber, a design that provides smooth operation, reduced
combustion noise, and the capacity to run on varied fuel qualities. The
TS60 gained widespread recognition as the agricultural base engine for
the Yanmar YSB8 marine diesel, with part commonality between the two
models documented in service literature.
The engine is available in two cooling configurations: the TS60H
equipped with a hopper tank for open cooling and the TS60C fitted with a
radiator for pressurized circulation. Its compact dimensions and manual
starting capability made it suitable for small irrigation pumps, power
tillers, and light industrial machinery across Asian and Southeast Asian
markets.
Engine Type: Horizontal, 1-cylinder, 4-cycle, water-cooled diesel
Number of Cylinders: 1
Combustion System: Indirect injection, swirl type (pre-combustion
chamber)
Displacement: 0.331 L (331 cc / 20.2 cu.in)
Bore x Stroke: 75 mm x 75 mm (2.95 in x 2.95 in)
Compression Ratio: 22.0:1
Maximum Output: 4.5 kW (6.0 hp) at 2400 rpm
Continuous Rating: 3.7 kW (5.0 hp) at 2400 rpm
Maximum Torque: 1.9 kg-m (18.6 Nm / 13.7 lb-ft) at 1600 rpm
Low Idle Speed: 700 to 800 rpm
Rotation Direction: Counter-clockwise (viewed from flywheel side)
Starting System: Manual (hand-crank starting)
Fuel Tank Capacity: 7.1 L (1.9 gal)
The cylinder block is manufactured from cast iron in a horizontal
configuration, with the cylinder bore oriented horizontally rather than
vertically. This horizontal design reduces the overall height of the
engine package, making it suitable for installation in power tillers and
other equipment with limited vertical clearance. The cylinder liner is
of the parent-bore type, machined directly into the cast iron block
rather than using a replaceable sleeve.
The block incorporates a single main bearing bulkhead supporting the
crankshaft journal. The crankcase is integrated with the cylinder
barrel, and the oil pan forms the lower enclosure of the block assembly.
The timing gear housing is cast into the front face of the block,
enclosing the gear train that drives the camshaft and injection pump.
The cylinder head is a single-piece cast iron unit mounted vertically on
the cylinder block. The valve arrangement uses two valves per cylinder,
one intake and one exhaust, actuated by a pushrod system. The camshaft
is located within the cylinder block, driven by gears from the
crankshaft. Pushrods transfer motion to rocker arms mounted on a rocker
shaft above the cylinder head.
The combustion chamber is located within the cylinder head, featuring a
spherical swirl-type pre-combustion chamber (indirect injection design).
This swirl chamber promotes complete mixing of air and fuel before
ignition, resulting in smoother combustion with reduced noise compared
to direct injection engines. The injector nozzle is positioned to spray
fuel into this pre-chamber. Valve clearance adjustment is performed
manually with the engine cold using set screws and locknuts on the
rocker arms.
The fuel system is a mechanical indirect injection system using an
in-line injection pump. The injection pump is mounted on the side of the
cylinder block and driven by a gear from the camshaft. The pump contains
a single plunger and barrel assembly, actuated by a cam lobe on the pump
camshaft. A mechanical governor, integrated into the injection pump
housing, controls engine speed by regulating the fuel rack position. The
governor includes idle and maximum speed spring sets.
A diaphragm-type feed pump mounts on the injection pump body and draws
fuel from the 7.1 L fuel tank through a water separator and a
replaceable cartridge-type fuel filter. Injection nozzles are of the
pintle type, installed in the cylinder head and positioned to inject
fuel into the swirl chamber. A fuel injection pump component diagram for
the TS60-GSK variant shows the spring retainer (RETAINER, SPRING) as a
serviceable part within the pump assembly.
The lubrication system is a forced-feed, pressurized system using a
trochoid-type oil pump, a design chosen for its compactness and reliable
oil delivery at low engine speeds. The oil pump is mounted externally on
the front of the cylinder block and driven directly by the crankshaft
gear. Oil is drawn from the crankcase sump through a mesh suction
strainer. The oil filter is a spin-on, full-flow type with a cellulose
media.
An integral bypass valve opens at a differential pressure of 0.8 bar (12
psi) to maintain flow during cold starts. The system does not include an
oil cooler in the standard configuration. Pistons are cooled by oil
splash from the connecting rod dipper and oil mist generated within the
crankcase. The engine oil capacity is 1.6 L (1.7 qt). Operating oil
pressure at rated speed is 2.0 to 3.0 bar (29 to 44 psi).
The cooling system is available in two configurations: hopper cooling
(TS60H) and radiator cooling (TS60C). Both systems are water-cooled
designs. In the TS60H configuration, a hopper tank mounts directly above
the cylinder, using the thermosiphon principle for coolant circulation
without a water pump. The Yanmar TS60C configuration uses a radiator
with a belt-driven centrifugal water pump for forced circulation.
The thermostat is a wax-pellet design with a rated opening temperature
of 71°C (160°F) and a fully open position at 85°C (185°F). Coolant flows
from the water pump or hopper into the cylinder block, circulates around
the cylinder bore, and passes into the cylinder head before returning to
the radiator or hopper. The cooling system capacity is integrated with
the hopper or radiator; no separate engine-only capacity specification
is provided.
Timing Drive: A front-mounted gear train drives the camshaft and
injection pump. The crankshaft gear drives an idler gear, which in turn
drives the camshaft gear. All gears are straight-cut steel for
durability. No timing chains or belts are used.
Crankcase Ventilation: An open crankcase ventilation system routes
blow-by gases through a mesh oil separator. The separated oil drains
back to the crankcase. Gases vent to the atmosphere via a draft tube.
Exhaust System: A dry-type exhaust manifold is cast integrally with the
cylinder head. A muffler is provided with factory engine packages. No
turbocharger or aftertreatment devices are fitted.
Governor: A mechanical centrifugal governor is integrated into the
injection pump, providing speed regulation for variable load
applications such as irrigation pumps and power tillers.
Dry Weight (Hopper / TS60H): 66 kg (145 lb)
Dry Weight (Radiator / TS60C): 70 kg (154 lb)
Length: 593 mm (23.3 in)
Width: 305 mm (12.0 in)
Height: 425 mm (16.7 in)
Engine Oil Capacity (with filter): 1.6 L (1.7 qt)
Recommended Oil Grade: SAE 15W-40, SAE 30, SAE 10W-30 (API CD or CF)
Fuel Tank Capacity: 7.1 L (1.9 gal)
Oil Change Interval: 100 operating hours; initial break-in change at 25
hours
Oil Filter Replacement: 200 operating hours or every second oil change
Fuel Filter Replacement: 200 operating hours or 6 months
Valve Clearance (Cold): Intake: 0.2 mm (0.008 in); Exhaust: 0.2 mm
(0.008 in)
Valve Adjustment Interval: 300 hours
Injection Nozzle Opening Pressure: 11.8 to 12.7 MPa (1,710 to 1,840 psi)
Injection Timing: 15 to 17 degrees before TDC
Compression Pressure: 2.5 to 2.9 MPa (25 to 29 kg/cm2) at 200 rpm
cranking speed
Cylinder Head Bolts (M10 x 1.25), Stage 1: 20 Nm (15 lb-ft)
Cylinder Head Bolts (M10 x 1.25), Stage 2: 40 Nm (30 lb-ft)
Cylinder Head Bolts (M10 x 1.25), Stage 3: Final 55 Nm (41 lb-ft)
Connecting Rod Cap Bolts (M8 x 1.0): 25 Nm (18 lb-ft)
Main Bearing Cap Bolt (M10 x 1.25): 35 Nm (26 lb-ft)
Flywheel Bolts (M8 x 1.0): 20 Nm (15 lb-ft)
Rocker Shaft Pedestal Nuts (M8): 15 Nm (11 lb-ft)
Injector Nozzle Holder Nuts: 25 Nm (18 lb-ft)
Injection Pump Flange Nuts (M6): 10 Nm (7 lb-ft)
Oil Pan Drain Plug (M12 x 1.5): 25 Nm (18 lb-ft)
Agricultural Equipment: Power tillers (hand tractors / two-wheel
tractors) in Southeast Asian markets; small irrigation pumps; rice paddy
implements.
Marine: Yanmar YSB8 marine diesel (base engine derived from TS60); small
fishing boat auxiliary power ; sailboat auxiliary engines.
Industrial: Small generator sets; light construction equipment;
compactors.
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